ABSTRACT
Aim The aim of this study was to determine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods Forty-one obese adults with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured, and resting electrocardiogram (ECG) for the HRV analysis at spontaneous respiration was recorded for 5 min in supine position before and after six months of supervised aerobic training given thrice-a-week. Results The mean age, body mass index (BMI), and duration of diabetes of the study population were 44.1 ± 4.5 years, 30.94 ± 1.36 kg/m2, and 16.3 ± 2.7 years, respectively. In time domain variables, standard deviation of all RR intervals (SDNN), the square root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) and percentage of consecutive RR intervals that differ by more than 50 ms (pNN50) were significantly increased after exercise. In frequency domain variables, high frequency (HF) (ms2) and HF (nu) were significantly increased while low frequency (LF) (ms2) and LF/HF ratio were significantly decreased after exercise. But LF (nu) was unaffected after exercise. Conclusion This study suggests that thrice-a-week moderate intensity aerobic exercise for six months improves cardiac rhythm regulation as measured by HRV in obese adults with type 2 diabetes
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: Kapalbhati is among one of the cleansing act (shatkarma) in yogic philosophy. It is highly recommended for those who have to do great deal of study and need a clean, clear mind. This study was conducted among medical students at Nepalgunj medical college, Nepalgunj, Nepal.Material and Methods: This analytical study was conducted among 100 medical students of Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj, Nepal who gave consent and performed Kapalbhati correctly were included in the study. SBP and DBP were the cardiac parameters taken. Those parameters were taken before, immediately, after 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes of Pranayama. The data were entered in SPSS and Statistical analysis was done using version 23.Results: As in usual exercises, SBP and DBP increases significantly immediately after Kapalbhati session when compared with the value before exercises. The basal (pre-Kapalbhati) mean SBP and DBP were 125.76 ± 7.36 and 82.92 ± 5.75 which increases up to 143.60 ± 11.18 and 90.33 ± 7.90 respectively immediately after exercises and fall after 3 minutes of exercises value being 127.05 ± 10.93 and 81.38 ± 5.38 respectively.Conclusion: There is significant rise between Pre-value and post-value (immediate) of all parameters and significant fall of all parameters if compared between post-value and after 3 minute.